The seven synthetic substances may not be recognized by most consumers, as they are typically categorized as “artificial flavors” on product labels. First approved by the FDA in 1964, these substances are designed to imitate or enhance natural flavors and are commonly used to impart flavors such as mint, floral, and cinnamon in a variety of products, including baked goods, beer, ice cream, candy, beverages, and chewing gum. However, for those advocating for a ban on these substances, this represents a significant step forward. Both the FDA and the flavoring industry maintain that there is no risk to public health at the low concentrations in which these substances are used. Nonetheless, an increasing number of consumers prefer to avoid synthetic or artificial ingredients in their foods and beverages, particularly when natural alternatives are readily available.
In a statement, the Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association highlighted that the FDA’s decision was necessitated by the “rigid language” within the Delaney Clause of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, which prohibits the agency from approving any food additive shown to cause cancer in humans or animals, regardless of the amount. The association indicated that efforts to challenge the Delaney Clause may be on the horizon. Their statement read, “The removal of these six flavoring substances—despite the FDA’s conclusions that these materials are safe for use as flavorings and when consumed through various foods, such as grapes, pineapples, and oranges—underscores the need for the FDA to be allowed the flexibility to evaluate actual risk, rather than being constrained by an outdated, 60-year-old statute.”
Securing FDA approval for petitions is a challenging process. The agency receives around 200 petitions annually, with each requiring several weeks to over a year for evaluation before a decision is rendered. The FDA has previously rejected petitions calling for mandatory labeling of GMOs in food products and for restrictions on partially hydrogenated oils in foods. Most petitions are not approved unless the FDA can substantiate all claims for a ban. The coalition that submitted the petitions to prohibit the seven synthetic flavoring substances includes the Natural Resources Defense Council, the Center for Food Safety, and the Center for Science in the Public Interest, among others. They first approached the agency on this issue in 2016 and subsequently filed a lawsuit in May to compel the FDA to take action.
Erik Olson, director of health, food, and agriculture initiatives for the Natural Resources Defense Council, expressed to National Public Radio that the FDA’s decision is a “win for consumers.” As consumers increasingly seek out options that align with their preferences, the calcium citrate benefits, known for providing essential nutrients and promoting overall health, could serve as an appealing natural alternative to synthetic flavors in food products. This reflects a broader trend where consumers are not only avoiding artificial additives but are also becoming more aware of the health benefits associated with natural ingredients such as calcium citrate. Ultimately, the ongoing dialogue around food safety and ingredient transparency is likely to influence regulatory practices and consumer choices in the future.