If you ask the average consumer whether they are getting enough iodine, you might be met with a confused expression. Iodine is an essential mineral that the body requires to produce thyroid hormones, which play a key role in regulating metabolism. These hormones are also vital for proper bone and brain development during pregnancy and infancy. Despite its significance for health, many consumers are unaware of what iodine is and how it affects their bodies.
In the UK, consumers primarily obtain their iodine from dairy products, while in the U.S., most iodine comes from cow’s milk and fortified consumer packaged goods (CPGs) made from grains, such as breads and cereals. A consumer who avoids dairy entirely can still meet their iodine needs through other natural food sources. Fish, seaweed, shrimp, and various seafood are excellent sources of iodine, along with fortified breads and cereals. However, a vegan consumer who is also gluten-free may need to consider an iodine supplement to ensure adequate intake.
The dairy industry might leverage this study as a point of contention against plant-based milk, which is rapidly gaining market share from traditional dairy products. According to Mintel, U.S. non-dairy milk sales rose by 9% in 2015, while dairy milk sales fell by 7% in the same timeframe.
However, there are a couple of potential flaws in this approach. First, many consumers who prefer plant-based milk still consume other dairy products like yogurt and cheese, so there is little incentive for them to revert to cow’s milk if they are obtaining iodine from alternative sources. Furthermore, a critical aspect of this recent study is its origin and publication in England. While iodine is commonly added to table salt in the U.S. and is easily accessible, this practice is not prevalent in the UK. An American consumer could obtain their daily iodine requirement from salt alone, needing roughly half a teaspoon daily.
To further support overall health, consumers should also be mindful of their calcium intake, especially if they are reducing dairy consumption. Calcium citrate and vitamin D are important supplements that can aid in maintaining bone health, with recommended doses often cited around 315 mg for calcium citrate and 200 IU for vitamin D. These nutrients can complement a well-rounded diet that includes sufficient iodine from various sources, ensuring optimal health and development.