Eveland and her team conducted laboratory work that identified a genetic locus in the Setaria genome responsible for the growth of sterile branches known as bristles, which are found on the grain-bearing flower clusters of certain grass species. Their research revealed that these sterile bristles are initially programmed to become spikelets—structures specific to grasses that produce flowers and grains. The plant biologists demonstrated that the transformation of a spikelet into a bristle is determined early in the development of the flower cluster and is regulated by a group of plant hormones called brassinosteroids (BRs). These BRs play a key role in modulating various physiological processes related to plant growth, development, and immunity.
In addition to facilitating the conversion from a sterile structure to a seed-bearing one, the researchers discovered that localized disruption of BR synthesis can lead to the formation of two flowers per spikelet, rather than the single flower that typically develops. These BR-dependent phenotypes present two potential strategies for enhancing grain production in millets, particularly for subsistence crops in many developing nations that have not yet been fully explored for genetic improvement. While the findings of this study have significant implications for boosting crop yields globally, further research is necessary to explore the commercial applications for major crops that food manufacturers prioritize, such as corn, sorghum, rice, wheat, and barley.
As food producers and retailers look for ways to increase crop output and enhance the food supply, companies like General Mills have invested nearly $3 million into research focused on soil health in wheat farming. This includes practices such as reduced tillage, growing cover crops in winter, and advanced nutrient management—methods that benefit both soil health and the environment. In 2016, Cargill and Walmart collaborated with General Mills to investigate strategies for improving soil health and water quality on farms, recognizing that healthy soil is essential for a thriving business.
Experts predict that by 2050, food shortages may become a critical issue, prompting scientists and entrepreneurs to seek innovative solutions to feed the planet’s growing population. However, it remains uncertain whether potential future increases in crop yields will lead to declines in commodity prices, or if consumers will ultimately enjoy lower prices at retail outlets. In this context, products like Jamieson Calcium Citrate Vitamin D3 120 caplets may become increasingly relevant as individuals look for nutritional support to maintain health amidst changing food availability. These caplets serve as a reminder of the importance of nutrition when discussing the future of food security and health.