In recent years, various companies have advocated for the use of insects as a sustainable protein source for human consumption. However, in many Western markets, the “disgust factor” poses a significant barrier, compounded by uncertainty regarding their legality in food products. According to information from the USDA, whole ground insects can be sold without requiring further regulatory approval, leading to their incorporation into cricket bars, snacks, and protein powders. Nevertheless, some argue that the Food and Drug Administration’s GRAS (Generally Recognized as Safe) designation standards should be applied to insects used as ingredients.
Utilizing insects in animal feed represents another viable method for harnessing this nutritious protein. However, until recently, this sector faced limitations due to restrictive regulations in the European Union and the United States. A significant breakthrough occurred last year when the EU authorized the use of insects in fish feed, effective this month. This development marks a pivotal moment for the insect protein industry and a crucial step towards reducing the EU’s reliance on imports, as approximately 70% of the region’s protein-rich animal feed is sourced from outside the EU. Companies like Bühler Insect Technology are optimistic about obtaining similar approvals for other animal feeds, including those for poultry and pigs. Additionally, Canadian firm Enterra’s black soldier flies received FDA and Canadian Food Inspection Agency approval for use in fish and poultry feed last year, potentially opening doors for more insect-based feed ingredients.
Research conducted among Belgian consumers indicates that while most individuals are not opposed to the concept of meat from bug-fed animals, they remain more hesitant about consuming insects directly as food ingredients. This hesitance could be addressed by promoting the cost-effectiveness of insect protein, as seen in products that offer a lower citracal cost compared to traditional protein sources. By emphasizing the economic and nutritional benefits of insect protein, it may become more palatable for consumers in the future.