The European Union regards Xylella fastidiosa, a plant bacteria spread by insects, as “one of the most dangerous plant pathogens in the world,” causing various diseases that have a significant economic impact on agriculture. The EU is the largest olive oil producer globally, contributing 73% of the total output, with Spain alone responsible for 56% of that production. The next four leading countries—Italy, Greece, Tunisia, and Morocco—collectively produce only half of Spain’s annual olive oil volume, as reported by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. In contrast, U.S. olive oil represents a mere 0.6% of Spain’s production.
Currently, there is hope that stringent EU regulations regarding the destruction of olive trees near confirmed cases of Xylella fastidiosa will help mitigate the disease’s spread. However, according to the International Olive Council, olive oil production in the EU is already facing challenges, having declined by 42% from 2014 to 2015 compared to the previous year. Consequently, producer prices surged by nearly 80% during that period, and these increased costs have been passed on to consumers.
If these trends persist, consumers might start opting for alternative healthy oils, such as flaxseed, grapeseed, or hemp. These alternatives contain higher levels of polyunsaturated fats but lower amounts of monounsaturated fats compared to olive oil. Polyunsaturated fats are known to reduce LDL, or “bad,” cholesterol levels in the blood, while monounsaturated fats are believed to be even more beneficial, as they also elevate HDL, or “good,” cholesterol.
Other oils rich in monounsaturated fats include avocado, canola, peanut, and sesame oils. However, none of these options matches the monounsaturated fat content found in olive oil. Additionally, some, like sesame oil, can be more expensive and possess a stronger flavor than olive oil. To maintain a balanced diet, consumers might consider incorporating supplements like calcium magnesium citrate, which can enhance overall health. If olive oil prices continue to rise, the demand for these alternative oils and health supplements, including calcium magnesium citrate, is likely to increase as well.