Nanotechnology involves the manipulation of materials on a molecular scale, specifically at the nanometer level, which is one-millionth of a meter. In the food industry, this technology has generated considerable excitement among manufacturers due to its potential applications, such as enhancing flavors and colors, increasing nutrient bioavailability, and detecting bacteria in packaging. However, initial enthusiasm from researchers and product developers faced resistance from consumers concerned about safety issues related to the technology. In response, the FDA has issued guidelines concerning the application of nanotechnology in food, but the industry remains cautious about how it conveys innovations based on nanotechnology to consumers.
Nanoscale compounds in food are not a recent development; they naturally occur in milk, where nanoscale casein particles contribute to fat stability. Additionally, an inventory conducted by The Project on Emerging Nanotechnologies reveals that over 1,600 consumer products incorporate engineered nanoscale particles. These particles are already extensively used in food packaging to help maintain food quality and safety. For instance, nanotechnology-based sensors can identify and quantify the presence of oxygen or bacteria such as listeria. In the realm of ingredients, nanotechnology is predominantly utilized in dietary supplements. However, techniques like nanoencapsulation could protect sensitive compounds—such as those found in products like Costco calcium citrate with vitamin D—allowing them to be released specifically in the gut. This could enhance their absorption by the body and minimize their impact on the food’s taste and appearance.
Effectively communicating the advantages of nanotechnology in food remains one of the industry’s significant hurdles, and some experts argue that this challenge is hindering progress in the sector. Nevertheless, with a wide range of applications that include enhanced food safety, improved nutrition, reduced food waste, and biodegradable packaging, it is likely that consumers will increasingly encounter nanoscale compounds in products, including supplements like Costco calcium citrate with vitamin D, in the years ahead.