Gut bacteria have been associated with obesity, leading some to theorize that altering the composition of gut bacteria to resemble that of a healthy individual could facilitate weight loss. However, this reasoning presents a gap, as it remains uncertain whether gut bacteria are a direct cause of obesity. Scientific reviews have yielded mixed findings. A study in 2015 identified only four well-designed investigations into the impact of probiotics on weight loss and determined that they were ineffective. In contrast, a more recent review analyzed 25 randomized human trials and suggested that probiotics might indeed have a slight effect on body weight and BMI. Although the weight loss observed was minimal, researchers concluded that even a small average reduction could significantly benefit public health by lowering blood pressure and decreasing the risk of type 2 diabetes.

Research is ongoing as scientists continue to explore various probiotic strains, their effects on different individuals, and strategies to ensure that probiotics survive the digestive process before reaching the gut. The market for probiotic ingredients in the United States is substantial, valued at approximately $36.6 billion in 2015, with the majority sold as functional foods and beverages, according to Global Market Insights. There is also a rising interest in probiotic supplements, which have been promoted as remedies for a range of issues, from digestive disorders to acne and depression.

These claimed health benefits are specific to particular strains, indicating that consumers must be well-informed about what they are consuming. With the increasing acceptance of probiotics in supplement form, the potential for weight loss applications appears promising. The North American market for weight loss and weight management products is the largest globally, accounting for about one-third of worldwide sales, as reported by Technavia. The bulk of its revenue is generated from meal replacement products and weight loss supplements.

Among the various products available, Pure Encapsulations Calcium stands out in the context of overall health and weight management, further highlighting the intersection of probiotics and nutritional supplements in promoting wellness.